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SPLBYRES.4CA
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1995-09-09
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SPLINTER REBIDS BY RESPONDER
Responder can also splinter on his second or third bid, using a
double jump rebid in a new suit or an "unnecessary" single jump.
The splinter shows strong slam interest and a singleton in the
splinter suit. In competitive auctions responder may have mere
game-going strength. Splinter bids can only be made at the three
or four level. Similar bids at the five level are asking bids,
described in chapter ASKING BIDS in the book "Strong Bidding."
There are seven types of splinter bid by responder:
1) An "unnecessary" single jump to the three or four level (even
in opener's minor) by responder after a raise by opener:
Opener Responder
1D 1H
2H 3S/4C/4D - splinter
A 2S, 3C, or 3D bid would be forcing, so the "unnecessary" jump is
a splinter. For the 4C bid, responder has a singleton club and slam
interest: S-A87 H-KJ843 D-A983 C-4. Opener signs off in 4H with
S-Q2 H-A765 D-KJ52 C-KQJ. With S-K76 H-AQ6 D-KJ1074 C-98 opener
bids 6D and responder corrects to 6H. With S-K76 H-AQ65 D-KJ107
C-98 opener bids 5H and responder, having done his all, passes.
Maybe.
Opener Responder
1C 1D
3D 4H - splinter
2) A jump reverse after a notrump rebid by opener:
Opener Responder
1C 1H
1NT 3S/4D - splinter, club support
4S - artificial notrump raise
A 2S reverse would be forcing, so the "unnecessary" jump is a
splinter bid, showing great support for opener's suit (unlike jumps
to the four level, which do not). For the 3S splinter, responder
has S-3 H-AQ43 D-K86 C-A9763. A 3C bid would be forcing (in accord-
ance with the rules of Checkback Stayman), but a splinter bid
describes the hand better. With five hearts responder would have
responded 3S originally (see SPLINTER RESPONSES TO A MINOR
OPENING). This splinter therefore implies a four-card heart suit.
The 4S artificial notrump raise implies a heart suit that needs a
good fit for slam (e.g., five cards with only one of the top three
honors). Normally 4S would be an asking bid (one level higher than
a splinter), but the conventional notrump raise has precedence.
3) A jump to four in an unbid suit other than spades, or in
opener's minor, when opener has rebid notrump (except that 4C over
a 2NT bid is Gerber):
Opener Responder Opener Responder
1D 1S 1C/1D 1H
1NT 4C/4D/4H 2NT 4D - splinter
- splinters 4C - Gerber
4NT - notrump raise
4S - artificial raise
The splinters show a fine six-card or longer suit, slam interest,
singleton in the splinter suit. This splinter cannot be made in
clubs if opener has rebid 2NT, because a 4C bid is Gerber in that
case. Gerber does not apply over 1NT rebids by opener or responder.
The 4S artificial notrump raise says that responder's hearts need
a good fit to be useful for a notrump slam (e.g., he has five
hearts with only one of the top three honors). The usefulness of
this conventional notrump raise precludes its use as a splinter
bid.
4) A double jump after opener rebids his suit:
Opener Responder
1C 1S
2C 3D/3H is natural
4D/4H - splinter
Even though a 2D rebid would be forcing and 2H not, for memory's
sake we treat both bids the same. The splinters show good support
for opener's suit and, as usual, slam interest.
In the following sequence, responder denies a singleton heart,
which responder could have shown in a number of ways, including a
splinter bid of 4H over 2S. See chapter NON-JUMP SPLINTER BIDS in
the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments" for another way.
Opener Responder
1S 2D
2S 3C
3NT 4S
5) A jump in the fourth suit at the four level (not the three
level):
Opener Responder
1C 1D
1H 1S - spade suit
2S - Fourth Suit Artificial
3S - natural
The 3S bid has to be a natural game-forcing reverse, since 2S is
FSA in this sequence. See chapter FOURTH SUIT ARTIFICIAL in the
book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments." Splinter bid examples:
Opener Responder Opener Responder
1S 2C 1S 2H
3D 4H 3C 4D
Remember that three-level jumps in the fourth suit are not splinter
bids. They are needed as natural bids because a non-jump bid of the
suit would be Fourth Suit Artificial.
6) A jump in a new suit, when responder has previously made a non-
forcing raise and then hears a new suit (not a notrump bid) from
opener:
Opener Responder
1C 2C
2D 3H - splinter
Responder has a good hand and a great fit: S-642 H-3 D-Q1087
C-KQ542.
Opener Responder
1C 3C
3D 4H
Responder has S-J107 H-3 D-Q1032 C-AKJ87. He could not show a major
suit stopper, so he might as well make a splinter bid. Whether
opener is merely showing a diamond stopper or has a diamond suit,
this hand is well described by the splinter bid. If opener has
S-AK3 H-98 D-AK4 C-Q9652, she can bid the odds-on club slam. With
the majors reversed, she would stop at five.
The following jump is not a splinter bid:
Opener Responder
1S 2S
2NT 4H - natural bid
Responder has a good spade raise, three spades, and five or six
hearts. He must jump to 4H because 3H, showing a weak three-card
spade raise and five or six hearts (SQ32 H-K9873 D-5 C-9862), would
not be forcing See REBIDS BY RESPONDER for more on this subject.
Had opener rebid 3C or 3D, 4H would be a splinter bid, implying a
good fit with opener's second suit.
7) A jump to four in opener's minor after opener has shown two
suits:
Opener Responder Opener Responder
1C 1S 1C 1H
2D 4C/4D 1S 4C
These splinters show at least four-card support for opener's second
suit or (if that is the splinter suit) his first suit, plus
interest in slam. Note that you can splinter in a suit bid by
opener only if it is a minor, and only at the four level. To make
a forcing raise of opener's minor, bid the fourth suit (Fourth Suit
Artificial) and then raise.